Electronic Supplement to
Magnitude Assessment for the Historical Earthquake Based on Strong-Motion Simulation and Liquefaction Analysis: Case of the 1894 Atalanti Earthquake, Greece

by T. Novikova, E. Mouzakiotis, and V. K. Karastathis

This electronic supplement includes 18 figures. Figures S1–S6 depict the results of liquefaction analysis for all investigated sites in case of recorded earthquakes (M_w 5.2 and 6.7). Details of the analysis are discussed in the main article. Figures S7–S18 depict the results of liquefaction analysis for some of the investigated sites in case of hypothetical 1894 Atalanti earthquake. Scenarios were produced for the earthquakes with magnitude values equal to 6.7, 6.9, 7.0, and 7.2. The details of the analysis are discussed in the main article as well.

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Figures

Figure S1. Acceleration response spectra at the six investigated sites (a) base (input) motion and (b) predicted surface motion. Case of the recorded event with M_w 5.2.

Figure S2. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the layer with high probability to liquefy. (h) Pore-water pressure (PWP) time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the layer with high probability to liquefy. Case of the recorded earthquake with M_w 6.7 (EE′ site).

Figure S3. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the layer with high probability to liquefy. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the layer with high probability to liquefy. Case of the recorded earthquake with M_w 6.7 (OO′ site).

Figure S4. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of the recorded earthquake with M_w 6.7 (GG′ site).

Figure S5. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of the recorded earthquake with M_w 6.7 (HH′ site).

Figure S6. Acceleration response spectra at the (a) BB′ and (b) RR′ sites. Case of the recorded event with M_w 6.7.

Figure S7. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 6.7 (HH′ site).

Figure S8. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 6.7 (GG′ site).

Figure S9. Acceleration response spectra at the (a) BB′ and (b) RR′ sites. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 6.7.

Figure S10. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 6.9 (HH′ site).

Figure S11. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 6.9 (EE′ site).

Figure S12. Acceleration response spectra at the (a) BB′ and (b) RR′ sites. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 6.9.

Figure S13. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 7.0 (EE′ site).

Figure S14. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 7.0 (GG′ site).

Figure S15. Acceleration response spectra at the (a) BB′ and (b) RR′ sites. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 7.0.

Figure S16. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 7.2 (EE′ site).

Figure S17. (a,c,e) Acceleration and (b,d,f) strain time histories at different ground level. (g) Stress–strain history for the liquefiable layer. (h) PWP time histories at different ground level and shear-strain time history for the liquefiable layer. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 7.2 (GG′ site).

Figure S18. Acceleration response spectra at the (a) BB′ and (b) RR′ sites. Case of Atalanti hypothetical earthquake with M_w 7.2.

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