SRL 86:3, Electronic Supplement to Priolo et al.

Electronic Supplement to
OASIS: The OGS Archive System of Instrumental Seismology

by E. Priolo, G. Laurenzano, C. Barnaba, P. Bernardi, L. Moratto, and A. Spinelli

This electronic supplement contains a list of the main seismological databases, figures showing the database general schema and the main OASIS webpages, tables listing the networks stored in OASIS and station soil classes, and an example of station monography and of time series.

Main Databases of Seismic Waveform Data

Currently, several research institutions collect their seismological data into databases, making them available on the Internet. A list of the main seismological databases and their links is provided in the following.

The Strong Motion Database PEER, delivered by the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center (http://ngawest2.berkeley.edu; last accessed February 2015; Chiou et al., 2008, Ancheta et al., 2012) includes a very large set of ground motions recorded worldwide of shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regimes. The database has one of the most comprehensive sets of metadata, including different distance measures, various site characterizations, and earthquake source data.
The Center for Engineering Strong Motion Data (CESMD; http://www.strongmotioncenter.org; last accessed February 2015; Haddadi et al., 2008) is a cooperative center established by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and the California Geological Survey (CGS) to integrate earthquake strong–motion data from the CGS California Strong Motion Instrumentation Program, the USGS National Strong Motion Project, and the Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS). The CESMD provides raw and processed strong–motion data for earthquake engineering applications.
The Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology Data Management Center (IRIS–DMC; http://ds.iris.edu/ds/nodes/dmc/; last accessed February 2015) archives and distributes waveform (time–series) data from stations around the world. Most of the data archived at the DMC are from broadband stations recording passive (or natural) source events.
The SeismicPortal (http://www.seismicportal.eu/; last accessed February 2015), initially developed by the Network of Research Infrastructures for European Seismology (NERIES; http://www.neries-eu.org; last accessed February 2015) project of the European Commission (EC) and then improved within the Network of European Research Infrastructures for Earthquake Risk Assessment and Mitigation project (NERA; http://www.nera-eu.org; last accessed February 2015) project, gives access to data related to more than 550,000 earthquakes provided by a large number of observatories and research institutes in and around Europe.
The European Integrated Data Archive (EIDA; www.orfeus-eu.org/eida/eida.html; last accessed February 2015; Clinton et al., 2014), developed within Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology (ORFEUS), provides access to the seismic–waveform data and related metadata archives gathered by European research infrastructures. EIDA has: 4733 stations with unrestricted data access, of which 1637 are operational and 3096 are closed, belonging to 82 permanent networks; 2631 stations belonging to 60 temporary networks. EIDA does not provide instrument correction.
The Rapid Raw Strong Motion Interface (RRSM; http://www.orfeus-eu.org/rrsm/index.html; last accessed February 2015; Sleeman et al., 2014) is the first European system that delivers strong–motion products in near–real–time for earthquake scientists and earthquake engineers, based on all on–scale waveform data available in EIDA.
The European Strong Motion Database (ISESD; http://www.isesd.hi.is/; last accessed February 2015; Ambraseys et al., 2004) contains more than 3000, uniformly processed and formatted, European strong motion records and associated earthquake, station, and waveform parameters.

In addition, there are a number of national, but not less important, strong–motion and other seismic–waveform databases, including the following:

the Japanese Strong–Motion Seismograph Networks archives (http://www.kyoshin.bosai.go.jp; last accessed February 2015; K–NET [Kinoshita, 1998] and KiK–net [Aoi, 2000]) and High Sensitivity Seismograph Network Japan Hi–net (http://www.hinet.bosai.go.jp/; last accessed February 2015; Okada et al., 2004; Obara et al., 2005);
the Southern California Earthquake Data Center (SCEDC; http://www.data.scec.org; last accessed February 2015; Hafner and Clayton, 2001), an archive distributing data recorded or processed by the Southern California Seismic Network (SCSN);
the Northern California Earthquake Data Center (NCEDC; http://ncedc.org; last accessed February 2015), a permanent archive and distribution center primarily for multiple types of digital data relating to earthquakes in central and northern California;
the Strong Motion Database of Turkiye (http://kyhdata.deprem.gov.tr/; last accessed February 2015; Akkar et al., 2010);
the Swiss Waveform and Event Archive at SED (http://arclink.ethz.ch/; last accessed February 2015; Clinton et al., 2011);
the New Zealand GeoNet (http://geonet.org.nz; last accessed February 2015; Petersen et al., 2011); etc.

In Italy, the country on which this paper is focused, the most valuable seismic–waveform databases are

the ITalian ACcelerometric Archive (ITACA; http://itaca.mi.ingv.it/; last accessed February 2015; Luzi et al., 2008; Pacor et al., 2011), which contains about 7500 processed three–component waveforms for about 1200 earthquakes with magnitude greater than 3;
the Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV) Strong Motion Data portal (ISMD; http://ismd.mi.ingv.it/; last accessed February 2015; Massa et al., 2014), which gives quick access to strong–motion data (both waveforms and metadata) soon after earthquake occurrence (M ≥3.0);
the Rete Accelerometrica Nazionale (RAN, National Accelerometric Network) download service of the Dipartimento di Protezione Civile (DPC, Italian Civil Protection Department; http://www.mot1.it/randownload/; last accessed February 2015; Gorini et al., 2010), which allows the download of strong–motion data of M≥ 4.0 earthquakes, recorded from 2011 until today; and
the archive of continuous waveforms of the Rete Sismica Nazionale Centralizzata (RSNC, Italian National Seismic Network; Amato et al., 2006), which are distributed through the EIDA web site.

Figures

Figure S1 illustrates the database general schema. Other figures illustrate the main OASIS webpages: searches may be made for stations (Fig. S2) or for waveforms from a continuous recording (Fig. S3).

Figure S1. OASIS database general schema.

Figure S2. Station search page of the OASIS website.

Figure S3. Search page for waveforms from continuous recordings.

Tables

Table S1. Permanent networks stored in OASIS database with details on the number of stations and time data availability.

Table S2. Temporary networks stored in OASIS database, with details on the type of study conducted, number of stations, and time data availability.

Table S3. Number of stations for each soil class (EC8 code; Eurocode 8, 2004). Classes marked with * are inferred from expert opinion, due to the lack of experimental V_S30 values.

Example of a Station Monography

Download: DRE.pdf [Adobe portable document format; ~5.8 MB]. Example of a station monography, downloadable from the OASIS station detail web page. It reports all the station features and shows, when available, a photo of the site, the geological map, the topographic or regional technical maps, the microtremor horizontal-to-vertical (H/V) spectral ratios curve, etc. This example refers to the station of Drenchia, belonging to the North-East Italy Regional Broad Band Seismic Network (NI).

Example of an Extracted Waveform Time Series

Download: 20120603_192043ZR____OG004EHE00_C_VEL [ASCII document file; ~110 KB]. Example of an extracted waveforms time series. The file name is composed of different fields by the following convention: event date (YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS), network code (six digits, ‘_’ padded), station name (five digits, ‘_’ padded), seed code (three digits), location code (three digits, ‘_’ padded; 00 means surface; 01, 02, etc. indicate the sensor is located in a borehole at different depths), processing type (X, unprocessed data; C, processed/corrected data), data type (ACC, VEL, etc.), and filename extension (.asc)

For example: 20120603_192043ZR____OG004EHE00_C_VEL.asc, means the recording of the event 20120603192043, east–west component of a corrected velocity waveform, recorded by station OG004, belonging to network ZR, equipped with an extremely short-period sensor located at surface. Files are in ASCII format with a header of 43 self–explanatory commented rows.

References

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Amato, A., L. Badiali, M. Cattaneo, A. Delladio, F. Doumaz, and F. M. Mele (2006). The real-time earthquake monitoring system in Italy, Géosciences 4, 70–75.

Ambraseys, N., P. Smit, J. Douglas, B. Margaris, R. Sigbjornsson, S. Olafsson, P. Suhadolc, and G. Costa (2004). Internet-site for European strong-motion data, Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata 45, no. 3, pp. 113–129.

Ancheta, T. D., Y. Bozorgnia, R. Darragh, W. J. Silva, B. Chiou, J. P. Stewart, D. M. Boore, R. Graves, N. A. Abrahamson, K. W. Campbell, I. M. Idriss, R. R. Youngs, G. M. Atkinson (2012). PEER NGA-West2 Database: A database for ground motions recorded in shallow crustal earthquakes in active tectonic regions, Proc. 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Lisbon, Portugal.

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Eurocode 8 (2004). Design of structures for earthquake resistance, Part 1: General rules, seismic actions and rules for buildings, EN 1998-1, European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Brussels, https://law.resource.org/pub/eur/ibr/en.1998.1.2004.pdf (last accessed February 2015).

Gorini, A., M. Nicoletti, P. Marsan, R. Bianconi, R. DeNardis, L. Filippi, S. Marcucci, F. Palma, and E. Zambonelli (2010). The Italian Strong Motion Network, Bull. Earthq. Eng. 8, 1075–1090.

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Electronic Supplement to OASIS: The OGS Archive System of Instrumental Seismology